package top.qaqaq.java.P603;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import java.io.*;
/**
 * 其他流的使用
 * 1. 标准的输入、输出流
 * 2. 打印流
 * 3. 数据流
 *
 * @author RichieZhang
 * @create 2022-10-30 下午 2:49
 */
public class OtherStreamTest {
    /*
    1. 标准的输入、输出流
    1.1
    System.in:标准的输入流,默认从键盘输入
    System.out:标准的输出流,默认从控制台输出
    1.2
    System类的setIn(InputStream is) / setOut(PrintStream ps) 方式重新指定输入和输出的流。
    1.3练习:
    从键盘输入字符串,要求将读取到的整行字符串转成大写输出。然后继续进行输入操作,
    直至当输入“e”或者“exit”时,退出程序。
    方法一:使用Scanner实现,调用next()返回一个字符串
    方法二:使用System.in实现。System.in ---> 转换流 ---> BufferedReader的readLine()
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BufferedReader br = null;
        try {
            InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(System.in);
            br = new BufferedReader(isr);
            while (true) {
                System.out.println("请输入字符串:");
                String data = br.readLine();
                if ("e".equalsIgnoreCase(data) || "exit".equalsIgnoreCase(data)) {
                    System.out.println("程序结束");
                    break;
                }
                String upperCase = data.toUpperCase();
                System.out.println(upperCase);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (br != null) {
                try {
                    br.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
    /*
    2. 打印流:PrintStream 和 PrintWriter
    2.1 提供了一系列重载的print() 和 Println()
    2.2 练习:
     */
    @Test
    public void test2() {
        PrintStream ps = null;
        try {
            FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File("text.txt"));
            // 创建打印输出流,设置为自动刷新模式(写入换行符或字节 '\n' 时都会刷新输出缓冲区)
            ps = new PrintStream(fos, true);
            if (ps != null) {// 把标准输出流(控制台输出)改成文件
                System.setOut(ps);
            }
            for (int i = 0; i <= 255; i++) { // 输出ASCII字符
                System.out.print((char) i);
                if (i % 50 == 0) { // 每50个数据一行
                    System.out.println(); // 换行
                }
            }
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (ps != null) {
                ps.close();
            }
        }
    }
    /*
    3. 数据流
    3.1 DataInputStream 和 DataOutputStream
    3.2 作用:用于读取或写出基本数据类型的变量或字符串
    练习:将内存中的字符串、基本数据类型的变量写出到文件中。
    注意:处理异常的话,仍然应该使用try-catch-finally.
     */
    @Test
    public void test3() throws IOException {
        //1.
        DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("data.txt"));
        //2.
        dos.writeUTF("张三");
        dos.flush();//刷新操作,将内存中的数据写入文件
        dos.writeInt(23);
        dos.flush();
        dos.writeBoolean(true);
        dos.flush();
        //3.
        dos.close();
    }
    /*
    将文件中存储的基本数据类型变量和字符串读取到内存中,保存在变量中。
    注意点:读取不同类型的数据的顺序要与当初写入文件时,保存的数据的顺序一致!
     */
    @Test
    public void test4() throws IOException {
        //1.
        DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream("data.txt"));
        //2.
        String name = dis.readUTF();
        int age = dis.readInt();
        boolean isMale = dis.readBoolean();
        System.out.println("name = " + name);
        System.out.println("age = " + age);
        System.out.println("isMale = " + isMale);
        //3.
        dis.close();
    }
}
package top.qaqaq.java.P603;
// MyInput.java: Contain the methods for reading int, double, float, boolean, short, byte and
// string values from the keyboard
import java.io.*;
public class MyInput {
    // Read a string from the keyboard
    public static String readString() {
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        // Declare and initialize the string
        String string = "";
        // Get the string from the keyboard
        try {
            string = br.readLine();
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            System.out.println(ex);
        }
        // Return the string obtained from the keyboard
        return string;
    }
    // Read an int value from the keyboard
    public static int readInt() {
        return Integer.parseInt(readString());
    }
    // Read a double value from the keyboard
    public static double readDouble() {
        return Double.parseDouble(readString());
    }
    // Read a byte value from the keyboard
    public static double readByte() {
        return Byte.parseByte(readString());
    }
    // Read a short value from the keyboard
    public static double readShort() {
        return Short.parseShort(readString());
    }
    // Read a long value from the keyboard
    public static double readLong() {
        return Long.parseLong(readString());
    }
    // Read a float value from the keyboard
    public static double readFloat() {
        return Float.parseFloat(readString());
    }
}