package top.qaqaq.java.P603;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import java.io.*;
/**
* 其他流的使用
* 1. 标准的输入、输出流
* 2. 打印流
* 3. 数据流
*
* @author RichieZhang
* @create 2022-10-30 下午 2:49
*/
public class OtherStreamTest {
/*
1. 标准的输入、输出流
1.1
System.in:标准的输入流,默认从键盘输入
System.out:标准的输出流,默认从控制台输出
1.2
System类的setIn(InputStream is) / setOut(PrintStream ps) 方式重新指定输入和输出的流。
1.3练习:
从键盘输入字符串,要求将读取到的整行字符串转成大写输出。然后继续进行输入操作,
直至当输入“e”或者“exit”时,退出程序。
方法一:使用Scanner实现,调用next()返回一个字符串
方法二:使用System.in实现。System.in ---> 转换流 ---> BufferedReader的readLine()
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
BufferedReader br = null;
try {
InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(System.in);
br = new BufferedReader(isr);
while (true) {
System.out.println("请输入字符串:");
String data = br.readLine();
if ("e".equalsIgnoreCase(data) || "exit".equalsIgnoreCase(data)) {
System.out.println("程序结束");
break;
}
String upperCase = data.toUpperCase();
System.out.println(upperCase);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (br != null) {
try {
br.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
/*
2. 打印流:PrintStream 和 PrintWriter
2.1 提供了一系列重载的print() 和 Println()
2.2 练习:
*/
@Test
public void test2() {
PrintStream ps = null;
try {
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File("text.txt"));
// 创建打印输出流,设置为自动刷新模式(写入换行符或字节 '\n' 时都会刷新输出缓冲区)
ps = new PrintStream(fos, true);
if (ps != null) {// 把标准输出流(控制台输出)改成文件
System.setOut(ps);
}
for (int i = 0; i <= 255; i++) { // 输出ASCII字符
System.out.print((char) i);
if (i % 50 == 0) { // 每50个数据一行
System.out.println(); // 换行
}
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (ps != null) {
ps.close();
}
}
}
/*
3. 数据流
3.1 DataInputStream 和 DataOutputStream
3.2 作用:用于读取或写出基本数据类型的变量或字符串
练习:将内存中的字符串、基本数据类型的变量写出到文件中。
注意:处理异常的话,仍然应该使用try-catch-finally.
*/
@Test
public void test3() throws IOException {
//1.
DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("data.txt"));
//2.
dos.writeUTF("张三");
dos.flush();//刷新操作,将内存中的数据写入文件
dos.writeInt(23);
dos.flush();
dos.writeBoolean(true);
dos.flush();
//3.
dos.close();
}
/*
将文件中存储的基本数据类型变量和字符串读取到内存中,保存在变量中。
注意点:读取不同类型的数据的顺序要与当初写入文件时,保存的数据的顺序一致!
*/
@Test
public void test4() throws IOException {
//1.
DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream("data.txt"));
//2.
String name = dis.readUTF();
int age = dis.readInt();
boolean isMale = dis.readBoolean();
System.out.println("name = " + name);
System.out.println("age = " + age);
System.out.println("isMale = " + isMale);
//3.
dis.close();
}
}
package top.qaqaq.java.P603;
// MyInput.java: Contain the methods for reading int, double, float, boolean, short, byte and
// string values from the keyboard
import java.io.*;
public class MyInput {
// Read a string from the keyboard
public static String readString() {
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
// Declare and initialize the string
String string = "";
// Get the string from the keyboard
try {
string = br.readLine();
} catch (IOException ex) {
System.out.println(ex);
}
// Return the string obtained from the keyboard
return string;
}
// Read an int value from the keyboard
public static int readInt() {
return Integer.parseInt(readString());
}
// Read a double value from the keyboard
public static double readDouble() {
return Double.parseDouble(readString());
}
// Read a byte value from the keyboard
public static double readByte() {
return Byte.parseByte(readString());
}
// Read a short value from the keyboard
public static double readShort() {
return Short.parseShort(readString());
}
// Read a long value from the keyboard
public static double readLong() {
return Long.parseLong(readString());
}
// Read a float value from the keyboard
public static double readFloat() {
return Float.parseFloat(readString());
}
}